1. Autocatalysts

One of the main platinum uses is in the construction of autocatalysts. An autocatalyst is a “cylinder of circular or elliptical cross section made from ceramic or metal formed into a fine honeycomb and coated with a solution of chemicals and platinum group metals.” An autocatalyst mounted inside a stainless steel canister is known as a catalytic converter.

Catalytic converters are installed in a vehicle’s exhaust lines, between the engine and muffler, where they are used to moderate the dangerous qualities of exhaust. Specifically, the autocatalysts that vehicles contain convert over 90 percent of hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide into carbon dioxide, nitrogen and water vapor. They can also convert pollutants from diesel exhaust into carbon dioxide and water vapor, which is immensely helpful in reducing pollution.

Autocatalysts have been used in the US and Japan since 1974, and are now so common that over 95 percent of new vehicles sold each year have one. As a result, they are a significant source of platinum demand that is not likely to disappear in the future. Indeed, as pollution rules become more stringent, car companies are looking at creating even more efficient autocatalysts.

According to data from the World Platinum Investment Council (WPIC), automotive demand is forecasted to fall 3 percent to 3.02 million ounces in 2025 before falling another 3 percent to 2.92 million ounces in 2026.

2. Platinum jewelry

Platinum has many qualities that make it ideal for use in jewelry, and that is the second largest source of platinum demand. The metal is strong, resists tarnish and can repeatedly be heated and cooled without hardening or oxidizing.

When used to make jewelry, platinum is commonly alloyed with other platinum-group metals such as palladium, as well as copper and cobalt, so that it is easier to work with.

The history of platinum jewelry is long. More than 2,000 years ago, Indigenous people in South America made rings and ornaments out of platinum. Egyptians used platinum for decoration as early as the 7th century BCE. Meanwhile, Europeans began to use the metal in jewelry in the 18th century. Currently, China is the largest market for platinum jewelry.

The WPIC expected platinum demand for jewelry was expected to increase 7 percent year-over-year to 2.16 million ounces in 2025, then decline 6 percent in 2026 to 2.04 million ounces.

3. Industrial applications

Platinum’s industrial applications could fill a book all on their own. For instance, platinum catalysts are used to manufacture fertilizer ingredients, and the metal is a key component in silicones, hard disks, electronics, dental restoration, glass-manufacturing equipment and sensors in home safety devices.

Another platinum use is in the construction of hard drives with extremely high storage densities. And, because it is reactive to oxygen, oxides of nitrogen and carbon monoxide, platinum can be used to detect changes in the amount of those materials in vehicles and buildings. For the same reason, platinum is also used in medical sensors, particularly medical instruments that measure blood gases, to detect oxygen.

Among growing segments is platinum’s use as a catalyst in the production of green hydrogen. Similar to how the metal is used to convert automotive pollutants, it can also be used as an electrolyzer to convert water into hydrogen and oxygen, with the resulting hydrogen usable in emission-free fuel cell vehicles. In 2025, demand from hydrogen production is predicted to grow by 20 percent to 50 million ounces, then increasing another 36 percent in 2026 to 58,000 ounces.

Overall, WPIC forecast that industrial demand for platinum, including medical demand, would fall 22 percent to 1.9 million ounces in 2025 before growing 9 percent to 2.08 million ounces in 2026.

4. Medical applications

Platinum is used in electronic medical devices like those mentioned above, as well as in catheters, stents and neuromodulation devices. It is ideal for these applications because of its durability, conductivity and biocompatibility. The metal is also inert within the body, making it safe for implantation.

To meet other medical needs, platinum can be formed into rods, wires, ribbons, sheets and micromachined parts. Further, it helps fight cancer in the drugs cisplatin and carboplatin, which are widely used to treat testicular cancer, as well as ovarian, breast and lung cancer tumors.

Medical demand for platinum has increased in recent years, and is forecast to rise 4 percent to 320,000 ounces in 2025 and another 4 percent to 322,000 ounces in 2026.

FAQs about platinum

1. Titan Mining (TSX:TI)

Year-to-date gain: 1,512.12 percent
Market cap: C$549.85 million
Share price: C$6.64

Titan Mining is a critical mineral mining and development company with zinc and graphite assets in New York, US. The company currently produces zinc concentrate and aims to become an end-to-end producer of natural flake graphite.

Its Empire State Mines (ESM) zinc operations include the ESM 4 mine, which restarted production in January 2018, along with six past-producing mines capable of supplying additional feedstock for its onsite mill.

In addition to zinc, the property also hosts the Kilbourne graphite deposit located 4,000 feet from the existing mill at its Empire Mines operation. A December 2024 maiden resource estimate demonstrates an open-pit inferred resource of 653,000 short tons of contained graphite from 22.42 million short tons of ore with an average grade of 2.91 percent graphitic carbon.

Throughout 2025, Titan focused on advancing its flake graphite demonstration processing facility at Kilbourne, with an initial capacity of 1,000 to 1,200 metric tons of graphite concentrate annually. This early production would be used for product qualification sales to defense companies and industrial companies in early 2026.

Construction of the demonstration plant began in May, and development continued throughout Q3 and Q4.

Titan announced in its Q3 results on November 5 that commissioning had begun and the facility was expected to produce its first graphite concentrate during Q4. Additionally, mining of the Kilbourne demonstration pit began in Q3, and the company had stockpiled 8,000 short tons of ore, with 500 short tons crushed for initial plant feed.

On December 11, the company announced that graphite processing had begun at the facility.

Titan released the preliminary economic assessment for the full Kilbourne project at the start of December. The operation is planned with a 13 year mine life and average graphite production of 37,438 metric tons per year. The study reports an after-tax net present value of US$513 million, an internal rate of return of 37 percent and a payback period of 2.69 years.

Then, on December 23, Titan said it had closed on a US$5.5 million financing package with the Export-Import Bank of the United States, which would be used to support accelerated resource drilling, metallurgical test work and engineering programs necessary for the completion of a 2026 feasibility study.

Shares in Titan Mining reached a high of C$7.09 on January 21.

2. HydroGraph Clean Power (CSE:HG)

Year-to-date gain: 1,336.73 percent
Market cap: C$1.11 billion
Share price: C$3.52

HydroGraph Clean Power produces cost-effective, high-purity graphene, hydrogen and other strategic nanomaterials.

Graphene, a pure carbon material extracted from graphite, has myriad potential applications in industries such as transport, solar cells, medicine, electronics, energy, defense and desalination.

HydroGraph has an exclusive license from Kansas State University to produce graphene and hydrogen via the organization’s patented detonation process. While lower-purity graphene is typically produced using natural graphite, HydroGraph’s patented process produces 99.8 percent pure carbon content graphene using acetylene and oxygen.

Much of HydroGraph’s news flow in 2025 centered on strategic partnerships.

Results from a research study conducted with Arizona State University demonstrated that the company’s HydroGraph’s Fractal Graphene is well suited for ultra-high-performance concretes and 3D-printed structures.

In February, HydroGraph announced a technical collaboration with an unnamed global leader in synthetic fiber manufacturing to assess the potential of its graphene technology in high-performance fiber applications.

The following month, HydroGraph shared the launch of a line of advanced graphene dispersions developed in collaboration with battery materials and testing services company NEI. The products have the potential to be used to produce high-performance electrodes for use in energy storage solutions.

The company signed a letter of intent in April that could lead to a North American industrial gas supplier providing it with access to large volumes of high-purity acetylene, an essential feedstock will help the firm advance its plans to build a new graphene production facility in Texas with the capacity to produce over 350 metric tons of graphene annually.

HydroGraph launched its Compounding Partner Program in July with the goal of attaining commercial-scale production of its high-performance Fractal Graphene in thermoplastics. In August, the company announced a partnership with Hawkey Bio to supply graphene for use in its Lung Enzyme Activity Profile early lung cancer detection test.

Then, in September, HydroGraph signed a letter of intent with SEADAR Technologies to provide it with graphene material to coat current and future undersea products.

As for 2026, the company announced on January 6 that it had moved from a tier 2 to tier 1 member with the Graphene Engineering Innovation Centre at the University of Manchester. The move will establish a HydroGraph lab in the center and increase access to its facilities.

HydroGraph reached a high of C$4.07 on October 31.

3. Focus Graphite Advanced Materials (TSXV:FMS)

Year-to-date gain: 394.12 percent
Market cap: C$45.47 million
Share price: C$0.42

Focus Graphite Advanced Materials is both a graphite miner and a battery technology company. Its wholly owned flagship Lac Knife high-grade crystalline flake graphite project is located in Northeastern Québec, Canada.

With a completed feasibility study, Lac Knife is one of North America’s most advanced graphite deposits. The company also holds Lac Tétépisca, the highest-purity graphite project in Québec.

In terms of battery technologies, Focus Graphite has a patent-pending proprietary silicone-enhanced spheroidized graphite technology that is designed to enhance battery performance and efficiency.

Throughout 2025, the company has reached several use-case milestones for graphite sourced from Lac Knife.

In mid-June, thermal purification testing on Lac Knife flake graphite resulted in refined concentrate to a purity level of 99.999 percent carbon, which Focus Graphite said “underscores (the company’s) potential to supply ultra-high-purity graphite material for nuclear energy applications, a market historically dominated by synthetic graphite.”

Graphite from the site was further validated in August, when it was used as part of nozzle components aboard Pluto Aerospace’s successful Dash 1 rocket Flight 003. The test was done to evaluate hypersonic performance and thermal resistance. The nozzle temperature exceeded 3,000 degrees Celsius.

The company said the collected data would be used to validate the performance characteristics of the graphite in high-stress environments for use in defense systems.

Then, on October 22, Focus reported that the anode material passed phase 1 battery validation conducted by Charge CCCV and American Energy Technologies Company. The independent lab tests confirmed near-theoretical electrochemical capacity around 371 milliampere-hours per gram, as well as strong suitability for lithium-ion batteries.

Shares of Focus Graphite reached a high of C$0.66 on November 3.

4. First Canadian Graphite (TSXV:FCI)

Year-to-date gain: 340 percent
Market cap: C$10.39 million
Share price: C$0.33

Formerly known as Green Battery Minerals, First Canadian Graphite is an exploration company advancing its Berkwood graphite project in Central Québec. The property sits adjacent to Nouveau Monde Graphite’s NPV Uatnam graphite project.

A June 2019 mineral resource estimate (MRE) demonstrated an indicated resource of 299,200 metric tons of graphitic carbon from 1.76 million metric tons of ore with a grade of 17 percent graphitic carbon, and an inferred resource of 250,200 metric tons graphitic carbon from 1.53 million metric tons of ore with an average grade of 16.4 percent.

In April 2025, the company announced its name change to First Canadian Graphite from Green Battery Minerals.

Much of First Canadian’s focus in 2025 was on its corporate governance and financing. On August 26, the company appointed Florent Baril to its board of directors. Baril has more than 40 years of experience in project engineering and resource development and was also the co-author for the Berkwood project’s MRE.

Then, on November 18, the company announced its intention to open a hard dollar financing round for up to 1.5 million units to raise gross proceeds of up to C$225,000 for general working capital. It also stated that it would offer an additional 1.5 million flow-through shares to raise C$300,000, to be directed to exploration expenses at Berkwood.

In a follow-up on December 12, First Canadian said it was applying to the TSX for approval to increase the hard dollar financing to a total of C$740,000, consisting of 4.93 million shares.

The most recent news came on January 12, when First Canadian reported that it had initiated airborne electromagnetic (EM) and magnetic surveys over Berkwood, covering five high-priority targets, to assess the probability and scope of hosted graphite occurrences.

The release also said that the company staked an additional 125 claims, bringing the total to 315 claims covering 16,542 hectares. First Canadian noted it was reviewing the claims and may add additional EM flyovers of the new property area.

First Canadian reached a high of C$0.43 on January 12.

5. Northern Graphite (TSXV:NGC)

Weekly gain: 58.82 percent
Market cap: C$17.04 million
Share price: C$0.135

Northern Graphite is a flake graphite developer and producer. In Ontario, Canada, it owns the producing Lac des Iles mine and the construction-ready Bissett Creek project, and in Namibia, it owns the past-producing Okanjande graphite mine.

According to a February 2024 technical report, the company’s flagship Lac des Iles mine hosts an indicated resource of 213,000 metric tons of graphitic carbon, with an additional inferred resource of 106,000 metric tons.

According to the company’s 2024 results released on May 1, the mine produced 11,697 metric tons of graphite concentrate in 2024. Northern Graphite noted that the mine was closed for maintenance and repair between November and mid-January.

However, in its Q1 report released on May 30, the company said it expected the existing pit at Lac-De-Iles to be exhausted by the fall of 2025 and was seeking support from various levels of government for the funding needed to extend the mine life by an additional 8 years.

On August 26, that support came in the form of up to C$6.23 million from Natural Resources Canada. At the time, Northern Graphite said it would begin work to extend the pit as soon as it could to avoid putting the mine on care and maintenance.

However, due to a bearing failure at the mill, the company chose to place the mine and mill on temporary care and maintenance on November 20 to begin repairs and to prepare for pit extension in 2026.

“Rather than stopping the plant now and again in January, we decided to start the maintenance program immediately in order to avoid having two separate shutdowns,” Northern CEO Hugues Jacquemin said.

The company is also advancing several battery anode material facilities projects’ the Baie-Comeau facility in Québec, the Yanbu facility in Saudi Arabia and a processing facility in Northern France.

In mid-April, the company announced a partnership with infrastructure and business development company BMI Group to evaluate the feasibility of developing its Canadian battery anode material facility in a former paper mill in Baie-Comeau that BMI is developing as a hub. This was quickly followed by a letter of support from the Port of Rotterdam on April 23.

On November 3, Northern announced that its consortium with Rain Carbon Canada had received a research and development grant of up to C$860,00 under the Canada-Germany Collaborative Industrial Research Program. The project will focus on transforming low-value natural graphite fine fractions into high-performance, battery-grade anode material.

Most recently, on January 14 of this year, the company signed a term sheet with Obeikan Investment Group to create a joint venture to develop and operate the US$200 million Yanbu battery anode facility in Saudi Arabia. Once complete, the facility will have a production capacity of 25,000 metric tons of battery anode material per year. Obeikan Investment Group will have a 51 percent ownership stake, with Northern Graphite holding the remaining 49 percent.

Shares in Northern Graphite reached a high of C$0.355 on January 14.

Gold price chart, January 19 to 26, 2026.

The yellow metal’s latest rise adds to an ongoing historic run.

After starting 2025 around US$2,640, gold had risen to the US$3,200 level by April. It stayed within a fairly flat range until the end of August, when it launched higher once again, breaking US$4,300 in mid-October.

The price of gold took a breather following that move, even falling briefly below US$4,000; however, its retracement was neither as steep nor as long as many market watchers expected it to be.

Gold began gaining steam again in mid-November, and took off again in earnest at the end of 2025.

In 2026, precious metals have continued to benefit from geopolitical tensions and economic uncertainty. Expectations of interest rate cuts after US Federal Reserve Chair Jerome Powell’s term ends later this year have provided support too. Trump’s feud with the Fed over rates took an eyebrow-raising turn on January 9, when the US Department of Justice served the Fed with grand jury subpoenas targeting Powell with a criminal indictment.

Last week, gold climbed higher as investors moved out of global stocks after Trump said over the weekend that European nations opposing his bid to acquire Greenland could face tariffs of up to 25 percent.

The nations targeted included France, Germany, the UK, Denmark, Norway, Sweden, the Netherlands and Finland. The news prompted fears of a full-blown US-Europe trade war, a weaker US dollar, higher inflation and a worsening outlook for the global economy. There were even concerns that the conflict over Greenland could seriously weaken or dismantle the NATO alliance. Gold is traditionally used as a hedge against such risks.

Greenland’s key geographic position in the Arctic has long been coveted by the US as a necessary strategic asset in its geopolitical struggle with Russia and China. “China and Russia want Greenland, and there is not a thing that Denmark can do about it,” Trump wrote on January 17 on his social media platform Truth Social. “Only the United States of America, under PRESIDENT DONALD J. TRUMP, can play in this game, and very successfully, at that!”

‘As soon as the probability of escalation increases, defensive capital tends to move preemptively, rather than waiting for tangible impacts to materialize in economic data. In this context, gold functions as a portfolio risk-balancing asset.’

European leaders responded with vows that they would not be blackmailed into allowing Trump to take Greenland, and said they were preparing counter measures to the president’s tariffs.

Perhaps the pressure worked, as Trump made a point of stating in his January 21 Davos speech: ‘I don’t have to use force. I don’t want to use force. I won’t use force.’

Elsewhere in the precious metals space, platinum rose to record highs on Monday, reaching US$2,933 per ounce. Palladium is also on a tear, soaring as high as US$2,188 per ounce, although it remains well below its record US$3,440 per ounce set in March 2022.